历代本草重楼基原考(1)
[摘要]结合野外调查，该文对历代本草中重楼的种质和产地进行考证。结果表明，古代本草中的重楼有时特指某些具体的种；有时泛指百合科重楼属除北重楼组之外的多个类群。《本草图经》、《本草蒙筌》所载重楼应为七叶一枝花Paris polyphylla var chinensis，《新修本草》中的重楼可能是多叶重楼P polyphylla，《本草纲目》所载重楼应是多叶重楼P polyphylla或狭叶重楼P polyphylla var stenophylla，而《滇南本草》和《植物名实图考》所载重楼则来源于重楼属多种类群。历代本草中，重楼的产地由北向南发生变迁，其基原也愈加多样。在当前重楼资源日趋濒危的现状下，建议扩大重楼基原研究。
[关键词]重楼； 重楼属； 种质； 产地变迁
Herbal textual research on origins of Chonglou
JIANG Lu1， KANG Liping2， LIU Dahui3， PENG Huasheng1，4*， XIE Jin5， CHEN Min2*
, http://www.100md.com
(1 College of Pharmacy， Anhui University of Chinese Medicine， Hefei 230012， China；
2 State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Daodi Herbs， National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica， China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences， Beijing 100700， China；
3 College of Pharmacy， Hubei University of Chinese Medicine， Wuhan 430065， China；
4 Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine Resources Protection and Development， Anhui Academy of Chinese
, 百拇医药
Medicine， Hefei 230012， China；
5 School of Pharmacy， Anhui Medical University， Hefei 230032， China)
[Abstract]Based on the field investigation， this paper researched the germplasms and geoherbs habitat of Chonglou in ancient herbal books systematically The results showed that， Chonglou in ancient herbal books sometimes referred to certain specific germplasm， while sometimes it referred to many species derived from genus Paris except Sect Paris The medicinal material Chonglou in Chinese Materia Medica Bencaotujing and Bencaomengquan was verified as P polyphylla var chinensis， which could be P polyphylla in Xinxiubencao， and it should include P polyphylla or P polyphylla var stenophylla in Bencaogangmu. However， it proved to be a variety of species from Paris that can used as Chonglou in Diannanbencao and Zhiwumingshitukao Moreover， the origins of Chonglou were correspondingly more diverse， with its producing areas changed from North to South Therefore， with the resources increasing endangered， the botanical origin of Chonglou should be further studied
, 百拇医药
[Key words]Chonglou； Paris； germplasms； geoherbs habitat change
重楼，始载于《神农本草经》。2015年版《中国药典》规定了重楼的基原为云南重楼Paris polyphylla Smith var yunnanensis (Franch) HandMazz或七叶一枝花P polyphylla Smith var chinensis (Franch) Hara的干燥根状茎[1]。近年来，重楼作为云南白药、宫血宁胶囊、金富康口服液、楼莲胶囊、肝复乐片等40余种中成药的原料[2]，其市场需求量大幅增長。然而，目前市场上重楼主要取自野生资源，长期掠夺式的采挖导致重楼的野生资源日益减少[3]。重楼属植物全世界有24种，中国有19种18变种2变型[45]，其中18种(变种)在民间均作为药用植物使用[6]。可见，世界上绝大部分的重楼属植物在我国均有分布，药用类群也极其丰富。重楼的药用历史悠久，古代本草中的重楼究竟来源于何种植物？除药典规定的2个来源之外，其他类群在历代本草中有无记载历史？为此，作者对安徽、河南、湖北、云南等地的重楼属药用资源进行了详细调查，在此基础上对历代本草中重楼的种质进行了考证。, 百拇医药(蒋露康利平刘大会彭华胜谢晋陈敏)
[关键词]重楼； 重楼属； 种质； 产地变迁
Herbal textual research on origins of Chonglou
JIANG Lu1， KANG Liping2， LIU Dahui3， PENG Huasheng1，4*， XIE Jin5， CHEN Min2*
, http://www.100md.com
(1 College of Pharmacy， Anhui University of Chinese Medicine， Hefei 230012， China；
2 State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Daodi Herbs， National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica， China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences， Beijing 100700， China；
3 College of Pharmacy， Hubei University of Chinese Medicine， Wuhan 430065， China；
4 Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine Resources Protection and Development， Anhui Academy of Chinese
, 百拇医药
Medicine， Hefei 230012， China；
5 School of Pharmacy， Anhui Medical University， Hefei 230032， China)
[Abstract]Based on the field investigation， this paper researched the germplasms and geoherbs habitat of Chonglou in ancient herbal books systematically The results showed that， Chonglou in ancient herbal books sometimes referred to certain specific germplasm， while sometimes it referred to many species derived from genus Paris except Sect Paris The medicinal material Chonglou in Chinese Materia Medica Bencaotujing and Bencaomengquan was verified as P polyphylla var chinensis， which could be P polyphylla in Xinxiubencao， and it should include P polyphylla or P polyphylla var stenophylla in Bencaogangmu. However， it proved to be a variety of species from Paris that can used as Chonglou in Diannanbencao and Zhiwumingshitukao Moreover， the origins of Chonglou were correspondingly more diverse， with its producing areas changed from North to South Therefore， with the resources increasing endangered， the botanical origin of Chonglou should be further studied
, 百拇医药
[Key words]Chonglou； Paris； germplasms； geoherbs habitat change
重楼，始载于《神农本草经》。2015年版《中国药典》规定了重楼的基原为云南重楼Paris polyphylla Smith var yunnanensis (Franch) HandMazz或七叶一枝花P polyphylla Smith var chinensis (Franch) Hara的干燥根状茎[1]。近年来，重楼作为云南白药、宫血宁胶囊、金富康口服液、楼莲胶囊、肝复乐片等40余种中成药的原料[2]，其市场需求量大幅增長。然而，目前市场上重楼主要取自野生资源，长期掠夺式的采挖导致重楼的野生资源日益减少[3]。重楼属植物全世界有24种，中国有19种18变种2变型[45]，其中18种(变种)在民间均作为药用植物使用[6]。可见，世界上绝大部分的重楼属植物在我国均有分布，药用类群也极其丰富。重楼的药用历史悠久，古代本草中的重楼究竟来源于何种植物？除药典规定的2个来源之外，其他类群在历代本草中有无记载历史？为此，作者对安徽、河南、湖北、云南等地的重楼属药用资源进行了详细调查，在此基础上对历代本草中重楼的种质进行了考证。, 百拇医药(蒋露康利平刘大会彭华胜谢晋陈敏)